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Resumen Objetivo: El propósito del estudio fue comparar la asistencia al tratamiento fisioterapéutico de reeducación postural con interacción social lúdica y sin esta para la anteposición de cabeza y cuello en personas adultas mayores. Material y métodos: El estudio presentó un diseño experimental, longitudinal, 88 participantes cumplieron los criterios de inclusión: personas adultas mayores > 60 años y 0.05). Conclusión: El grupo experimental que realizó tratamiento fisioterapéutico de reeducación postural con interacción social lúdica a largo plazo presentó mayor asistencia al tratamiento fisioterapéutico versus el grupo control sin interacción social lúdica con anteposición de cabeza y cuello. Aplicaciones prácticas: Elaborar un programa de tratamiento fisioterapéutico a largo plazo, en el cual se agregue la interacción social lúdica, puede tener resultados beneficiosos en la asistencia al tratamiento fisioterapéutico.
Abstract Objective: This study aimed to compare the attendance to postural reeducation physiotherapeutic treatment sessions with ludic social interaction for the forward head posture in older adults with the attendance to sessions without this ludic social interaction. Material and methods: The study used an experimental, longitudinal design. Eighty-eight participants met the following participation criteria: older adults > 60 years and 0.05). Conclusion: The experimental group that underwent the postural reeducation physiotherapeutic treatment with long-term ludic social interaction showed greater attendance to physiotherapeutic treatment versus the control group without ludic social interaction in older adults with forward head posture. Practical applications: Developing a long-term physiotherapeutic treatment program adding ludic social interaction can have beneficial results in attending physiotherapeutic treatment sessions.
Resumo Objetivo: O objetivo do estudo foi comparar o atendimento ao tratamento fisioterapêutico de reeducação postural com e sem interação social lúdica para a posição de cabeça e pescoço em pessoas idosas. Material e métodos: O estudo apresentou um desenho experimental, longitudinal, 88 participantes preencheram os critérios de inclusão: Idosos> 60 anos e 0,05). Conclusão: O grupo experimental que realizou tratamento fisioterapêutico de reeducação postural com interação social lúdica de longa duração apresentou maior frequência ao tratamento fisioterapêutico em relação ao grupo controle sem interação social lúdica com anteposição de cabeça e pescoço. Aplicações práticas: O desenvolvimento de um programa de tratamento fisioterapêutico de longo prazo, no qual se agrega interação social lúdica, pode ter resultados benéficos na frequência ao tratamento fisioterapêutico.
Subject(s)
Humans , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Play Therapy , Rehabilitation , Physical Therapy ModalitiesABSTRACT
Introducción: El avance tecnológico permite desarrollar equipos tecnológicos y ayudas técnicas que apoyen el tratamiento dirigido a un paciente. Objetivo: Generar un algoritmo para desarrollar dispositivos mecatrónicos como ayudas técnicas para personas con discapacidad física. Métodos: Se tomó como base una clasificación del diseño de estudio de tipo descriptivo, para la propuesta de una metodología de diseño e implementación de dispositivos de ayuda técnica en personas con distrofia muscular. La propuesta hace referencia al conjunto de técnicas, procedimientos y soportes documentales empleados en el diseño de sistemas de ayuda técnica, donde se integran aspectos diversos de tal forma que el proceso global sea lógico y comprensible. Resultados: El diseño obtenido comprende el desarrollo de cuatro metodologías, que inician con el proceso investigativo, luego el dispositivo mecánico, después el sistema electrónico y finaliza con el sistema de comunicación. Se dan pautas para generar cada uno de los componentes del sistema y lograr obtener un dispositivo funcional. El diseño fue probado con resultados favorables. Conclusiones: En el área de rehabilitación física, se combinan los conocimientos médicos con los ingenieriles para obtener soluciones tecnológicas que facilitan las labores a personas con discapacidad física. El diseño desarrollado, al contar con un conjunto ordenado de operaciones sistemáticas y una serie de pautas específicas para la ejecución de actividades, donde se cursan una serie de etapas, permite solucionar el tipo de problemas de referencia(AU)
Introduction: The technological advance allows developing technological equipment and technical aids that support the treatment directed to a patient. Objective: Generate an algorithm to develop mechatronic devices as technical aids for people with physical disabilities. Methods: A descriptive study design classification was used as a basis for the proposal of a methodology for the design and implementation of technical assistance devices in people with muscular dystrophy. The proposal refers to the set of techniques, procedures and documentary supports used in the design of technical assistance systems, where diverse aspects are integrated in such a way that the overall process is logical and understandable. Results: The design obtained includes the development of four methodologies, which begin with the investigative process, then the mechanical device, then the electronic system and ends with the communication system. Guidelines are given to generate each of the components of the system and achieve a functional device. The design was tested with favorable results. Conclusions: In the area of physical rehabilitation, medical and engineering knowledge are combined to obtain technological solutions that facilitate the work of people with physical disabilities. The developed design, having an ordered set of systematic operations and a series of specific guidelines for the execution of activities, where a series of stages are taken, allows solving the type of reference problems(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Self-Help Devices , Medical Informatics/methods , Medical Informatics Applications , Disabled Persons/rehabilitation , Equipment Design/instrumentation , Muscular Dystrophies/rehabilitation , Epidemiology, Descriptive , ColombiaABSTRACT
El proceso complejo de la alineación en las prótesis y la no existencia de un modelo predictivo para alineación estática de prótesis transtibiales es el foco de esta investigación.Objetivo: Obtener un modelo computacional que permita establecer la existencia de la alineación estática de prótesis transtibiales a través de parámetros cinéticos presentes en amputados transtibiales unilaterales. Métodos: Se realizó la construcción de una base de datos de valores de Centro de Presión (COP) y distribución de presión plantar en amputados medidos en el Servicio de Amputados y Prótesis del Hospital Militar Central, Bogotá, Colombia. Los datos incluyen valores cinéticos medidos con la prótesis en alineación y en desalineación. Resultados: Se desarrollaron tres modelos computacionales, una red neuronal, una máquina de soporte vectorial y un árbol de decisión, se realizó la comparación del desempeño de los modelos. Conclusiones: Los modelos que hacen uso de máquinas de soporte vectorial y de árboles de decisión tuvieron mayor desempeño que la red neuronal. De esta forma, se comprueba que la alineación estática se puede llevar a cabo de forma objetiva empleando recursos tecnológicos(AU)
The complex process of alignment in prosthesis and the non-existence of a model for static alignment of transtibial prostheses is the focus of this research. Objective: Obtain a computational model to establish the existence of the static alignment of transtibial prostheses through kinetic parameters present in unilateral transtibial amputees. Methods: In the Amputee and Prosthetic Service of the Central Military Hospital, Bogotá, Colombia, the construction of a data base of Pressure Center (COP) and distribution of plantar pressure in amputees was carried out. The data include kinetic values measured with the prosthesis in alignment and misalignment. Results: Three computational models were developed, a neural network, vector support machines and decision trees, the performance of the models was compared. Conclusions: Models that make use of vector support machines and decision trees had higher performance than the neural network. In this way, it is verified that the static alignment can be carried out objectively using technological resources(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Prostheses and Implants , Software , ColombiaABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the effect of rehabilitation professional training. Methods Based on the 10 tertiary hospitals in Guangzhou, Guangdong, the professionals from communitiy hospitals were trained. The scores of knowledge and practice tests were ana-lyzed in 2 terms of training. Results The students performed better in the practice test (82.01±8.91) than knowledge (71.08±10.05) (P<0.01). The score of knowledge tests was better in the second term than the first (P<0.05), no difference between them in the score of practice test. Conclusion Rehabilitation professional training in Guangzhou can improve the ability of service of medical rehabilitation.
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@# Objective To investigate the effect of rehabilitation professional training. Methods Based on the 10 tertiary hospitals in Guangzhou, Guangdong, the professionals from communitiy hospitals were trained. The scores of knowledge and practice tests were analyzed in 2 terms of training. Results The students performed better in the practice test (82.01±8.91) than knowledge (71.08±10.05) (P<0.01). The score of knowledge tests was better in the second term than the first (P<0.05), no difference between them in the score of practice test. Conclusion Rehabilitation professional training in Guangzhou can improve the ability of service of medical rehabilitation.
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Analyzed in the paper is the present development of medical rehabilitation service system in Beijing,Changsha,and Urumqi,in an effort to identify key measures,and discover problems found with the policy environment and system building.Based on such findings,the authors proposed such measures as developing policies and regulations, optimizing resource allocation, strengthening training of rehabilitation personnel and greater publicity.
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Objective To provide references for building the medical rehabilitation system in China by learning the progress and compliance of rehabilitation departments construction at tertiary hospitals. Methods Comparative and quantitative methods were used for dynamic analysis qualitative interview to learn the index compliance of the hospitals in question in 201 1-2012.Results Compared with 201 1, average days of stay of the rehabilitation departments declined in general,yet with insufficient therapists;introduction of early rehabilitation intervention was but 57.1%,and the functional assessment rate of rehabilitation service was less than satisfactory.Conclusion Lack of manpower,varying levels of medical rehabilitation services,and neglect for functional assessment were found to be the main problems in construction of medical rehabilitation departments for the time being.
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Based on my 40-years of experience as a physiatrist and health economist, I present several health economics and policy perspectives along with some basic knowledge requisite for rehabilitation professionals as follows : (1) There are two economic theories or schools concerning the role of health care in society. (2) It is crucial to correctly understand the concept of “ efficiency” ; efficiency in itself does not necessarily mean health care cost containment. (3) There are several basic methods to measure health efficiency ; the most practical one is cost-effectiveness analysis (CEA). (4) The cost of community-based long-term care is not necessarily cheaper than institutional care. (5) We must differentiate “long-term perspective” from “short-term perspective” when we evaluate the efficiency of health care and rehabilitation services.
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Objective: To develop a weighted disuse risk score rating. Design : Based on specified selection criteria, items of the disuse risk factor were chosen. Then, a conjoint questionnaire for physicians was created using orthogonal cards with ordinal disuse risk grade. Conjoint analysis (SPSS 15.0) was performed, weighting each item and making a formula for calculating the disuse risk score. Setting : The Rehabilitation Department of a University Hospital. Participants : Forty-one physician respondents and 129 consecutive inpatients referred to the rehabilitation department. Main outcome measures : Agreement of the rated disuse risk grade with the calculated disuse risk score, and the reliability of the calculated disuse risk score of the 129 inpatients. Results : Eleven disuse risk factor items were selected ; age, malignant tumor, heart impairment, respiratory impairment, kidney impairment, pain, gait disorder, psychiatric impairment, intellectual disability, dementia, and body mass index. Forty-one physicians completed and returned a postal questionnaire. Cronbach's a of the rated disuse risk grade was 0.948. The correlation coefficient of the average rated disuse risk grade to the calculated disuse risk score was 0.985 (<i>p</i>=0.000). Items of high overall importance (%) were gait disorder (14.0%), malignant tumor (11.5%), and respiratory impairment (11.0%). Those of low overall importance (%) were body mass index (6.8%), kidney impairment (6.6%), and psychiatric impairment (6.1%). For the 129 patients, the calculated disuse risk score of the 11-item was correlated to that of the 9-item weighted disuse risk factor (<i>R</i>=0.930, <i>p</i>=0.000). Conclusions : Both the 11-item disuse risk factor and the weighted disuse risk score rating were considered reliable and useful.
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OBJECTIVE: To survey the utilization status of public health and medical rehabilitation services by the persons with disabilities in community. METHOD: The subjects were 118 patients who were admitted to National Rehabilitation Center from January 1998 to December 2001 and agreed with home-visit. The subjects were assessed of disability level with functional scales, utilization rate of public health and medical rehabilitation services, utilization facilities, and service contents. RESULTS: The subjects included 78 pesons with stroke, 20 persons with spinal cord injury, 9 pesons with traumatic brain injury, and 11 persons with other diseases. Only 28.0% of the low-functional group used public health and medical rehabilitation services, showing a low utilization rate than the high-functional group (43.2%). 17 out of 24 persons who used rehabilitation clinics were in the low-functional group and 9 out of 13 persons who used welfare agency were in the high-functional group (p=0.012). In two groups, most frequent utilization out of the service contents was the exercise therapy. CONCLUSION: The utilization rate of public health and medical rehabilitation services in communities was 32.8%. It is necessary to supply the persons with disabilities in community with the rehabilitation service for the continuum of rehabilitation.
Subject(s)
Humans , Brain Injuries , Disabled Persons , Exercise Therapy , Public Health , Rehabilitation Centers , Rehabilitation , Spinal Cord Injuries , Stroke , Weights and MeasuresABSTRACT
Recently the numbers of persons with disabilities and aged are rapidly increasing every year. And the scope of persons with disabilities is much more diversified. According to the recent report of the desire for the persons with disabilities, it is noted that medical rehabilitation service is most insufficient. But compared to the numbers and needs of persons with disabilities, the numbers of medical rehabilitation facilities are still much insufficient. The important factors to be considered in rehabilitation hospital are accessibility, comprehensiveness, quality, continuity and efficiency. In Korea, the current conditions of medical rehabilitation service are as follows: 1) increase of medical rehabilitation demand, 2) shortage of rehabilitation hospital beds, 3) insufficient medical rehabilitation insurance system, 4) absence of continuum care, 5) accessibility problem etc. Considering these aspects, the government is planning to build the regional rehabilitation center each district and meet the need for persons with disabilities by the second five-year plan of the welfare for persons with disabilities. Finally I suggest some a plans to establish medical service provision system for the disabled. First of all, regional rehabilitation center should be established in each province, so as to provide better and comprehensive medical services to the disabled. Second, medical services in public and private health sector should be expanded. Third, the need for the community rehabilitation committee that links the hospital and the community should be emphasized.
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Humans , Disabled Persons , Insurance , Korea , Rehabilitation Centers , Rehabilitation , Social PlanningABSTRACT
Resumo Este estudo descreve os resultados quanto ao treinamento em habilidades psicomotoras da Disciplina de Reabilitação Médica, destinada aos académicos do 9º semestre, nos semestres 92/1 e 93/1, sendo parte do Projeto Integrado de Avaliação do Ensino Médico, referente às disciplinas do Curso de Graduação em Medicina, da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. Foram aplicados questionários investigando, inicialmente, a experiência prévia e após o estágio, as oportunidades auferidas pelo aluno quanto à assistência e desempenho de 19 habilidades consideradas básicas na área. As habilidades foram agrupadas em quatro grupos: exame físico, abordagem do paciente com dor, fisioterapia respiratória e motora e a reabilitação em algumas patologias. Observam-se baixos percentuais de assistência, ou desempenho das habilidades questionadas no semestre 92/1 que, com a reformulação da disciplina e do questionário, passaram, no semestre 93/1, a apresentar incremento significativo no nível de treinamento ofertado. Os resultados apontam para a necessidade de monitoramento continuo do treinamento dos alunos, para planejar e complementar as atividades de ensino.
Abstract: This study assesses the discipline of Medical Rehabilitation for undergraduates as part of an ongoing evaluation project from the Medical School, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS). Questionnaires containing 19 skills considered basic in the area were applied to student at the 9th semester of the medical course, during the first half academic year of 1992 (n=52) and 1993 (n=52). Before the training period in the discipline, one questionnaire .form asked about their previous experience on the skills. After its termination, the other form inquired on the opportunities granted to the trainees to assist and to perform these same skills. The 19 skills were agregated into four main groups : physical examination, the management of patient with pain, motor/respiratory physiotherapy and rehabilitation. The results showed in the 92/1 group of study a low percentage of students who assisted or performed those skills. After this preliminary assessment a new approach was given to the discipline formulation and to the questionnaires forms. The 93/1 assessment showed significant difference between previous exposures to the skills and the experience gained during the training period This trend emphasizes the need for continuous monitoring of the students training programme. It helps to better both the planning and the teaching activities.
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In 1987, based on WHO standard, a sampling survey was conducted among 52219 people with one of the five kinds of disablements. 344 of the people had cataract, which made up 46.49% of the visual disacility. There are 180 thousand people suffering from Cataracts in our province whose population is 35 milliom or so according to the census. In our study, the sex, age, distribution of these sufferers and the causes of the cataracts have been generally analysed, and the measures of medical rehabilitation of these people have also been discussed.